Day 2 :
- Global Dairy Trade
Biography:
Rami Hamad has completed his Veterinary degree at the age of 25 years from Baghdad University; He is the current farm Manager of Nishat Dairy, Pakistan. He was the CEO of TH milk in Vietnam, He was the farm manager of Rawabi Dairy in Dubai & he was a Unit manager at Al Marai Dairy in Saudi. Rami won the award for the best innovation in the middle east in 2013 from AgraMe Dubai for heat stress management. He is currently posting on LinkedIn & facebook daily educational notes for dairy farmers in the name of Cow Whisperer.
Abstract:
You have been hired, it’s your first day at work, as the Manager, every move & every word counts, and everyone is looking at you. Who are you, how are you, what are your first words, moves.. What is the first impression are you going to leave in everyone’s mind, it’s the most important impression, and it’s your choice. The best possible start is a non official lunch with the team, be confident, smile, listen, no promises, take in more than you give, enjoy the meal, be casual, release the fear & tension out of your new team, let them enjoy being with you, it’s a lunch to remember, it’s the first meeting, it’s the impression that will pave your way through. Lunch was great, all at ease, move around with your team, be humble, listen & listen & listen. Allow everyone of your new team to express himself, his team, his work...listen carefully, give them respect, appraise them, build friendship, and build trust. Give each member his share of time, at ease, everyone wants to talk, listen.. let them relax, keep the smile. Long day, exhausted I know but trust me, it’s worth a lot for your team & it will be the first big step for you entering in your new job, because when you sleep tonight, all your team is looking forward for tomorrow, well done.
Sonia RodrÃguez Jiménez
University of California, USA
Title: Close-up Cow Recipe on California Dairies: Ingredients, Loading Errors and Delivery Time
Biography:
Sonia Rodriguez completed her studies on Veterinary medicine from Santiago de Compostela University (Spain). Then she decided to find new opportunities abroad as it was a difficult period for finding a proper veterinarian job in her country. So, she moved to London, UK and worked in a mixed veterinary clinic which allowed Sonia to improve her English at the same time. After almost a year she got the opportunity to move to California for working at a research program on feeding management under UC Davis. Nowadays she is preparing the manuscript of her research in 2015: “Close-up Cow Recipe on California Dairies: Ingredients, Loading Errors and Delivery Timeâ€.
Abstract:
The objective of this study is to improve feed efficiency and decrease variations while preparing the Close-up (CU) recipe on dairy farms. Feeding management records (FeedWatch7.0) from twelve consecutive months were extracted from 26California dairies ranging in size from 1,100 to 6,900. A total of 25dairies had records of CU recipe. Close-up recipe was prepared daily either one (n=24) or two (n=1) times. The median number of ingredients included in the CU recipe ranged from three to five(n=18) and six to nine(n=7).The most commonly used ingredients in CU recipes were corn silage(n=24), alfalfa(n=23), rolled corn(n=19), premix(n=17), liquids(n=10), mineral-vitamins(n=7),oat hay(n=7) and anionic salts(n=6).The tolerance level(TL) assigned to the various ingredients ranged from 0kg to 135kg and represented a deviation from the median formulated target for the various ingredients across dairies of: 0%(11.1%), >0-2(15.9%), >2-5%(27.6%), >5-10%(17.2%), >10-20%(18.4%) and >20%(9.8%).Deviation from the target weight for the various ingredients across dairies was: 0%(11.2%),>0-2%(14.9%),>2-5%(25.5%),>5-10%(18.0%) and >10%(30.4%).The deviation from target weight was >10% on 49 ingredient types from 20 dairies [alfalfa(n=11), rolled corn(n=8), mineral-vitamins(n=4), corn silage(n=3), canola(n=3), oat hay(n=3), yeast(n=2), straw(n=2), liquids(n=2), oyster shell(n=2), other forages(n=2) and other ingredients(n=7)].The median close-up recipe weight represented 17.5 to 45.3% of the median high cow recipe weight, with the exception of one dairy that was 92%.However, there was a high variation within dairy on the close-up recipe weight, with an IQR(Q3- Q1) of 3.2% to 34.9%.Daily feedings were delayed by at least 2h ranging from 0.05 to 2%(n=9), 2 to 5%(n=5), 5 to 13%(n=6) and 13 to 28% (n=3).
- Dairy Industry
Session Introduction
Geneviève Gésan-Guiziou
INRA, France
Title: Regeneration of cleaning solutions in the dairy industry
Biography:
Geneviève Gésan-Guiziou has obtained her PhD in Chemical Engineering Science from University Rennes I, France in 1993. Since 1994, she has worked as a research scientist in the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) in Rennes. She is the leader of a team that made significant contributions to the development of membrane operations in the dairy sector. She has published more than 60 papers in reputed journals and is coordinating a national network on sustainability assessment of food systems.
Abstract:
Current European regulations relating to landfill management, land spreading and purified water quality along with social pressure, press on the dairy industry to significantly reduce its production of effluents. However, in most cases, cleaning operations for food production equipment are still carried out in empirical modes and the frequency of cleaning solutions discharge is based on subjective criteria (colour, odour). Several works have recently been performed to regenerate caustic soda solutions, most commonly used as chemical cleaning detergent. We demonstrated the added value of using crossflow microfiltration to regenerate re-used caustic soda solutions. This process preserves the surface tension characteristics of the solution while retaining suspended solids, rendering the regenerated solutions more efficient than a fresh solution. Among the different purification operations (micro-, ultra- or nanofiltration, decantation, centrifugation), microfiltration has proved to be the most appropriate operation: suspended solids are removed, surfactants are only slightly retained; pay-back time is short. However, microfiltration generates high levels of soluble chemical Oxygen demand, COD in regenerated solutions, the impact of which still needs to be quantified. These results offer a prospect for major economic savings regarding cleaning of stainless steel industrial equipments. The limits of the recycling of caustic soda solutions over several weeks (effect of the COD,.) still need to be determined on an industrial scale, so the savings in product quantity, water and energy can be evaluated. These works also open the way to a general debate on the cleaning of equipment containing membranes, and the formulation of new detergent solutions.
- Sustainable Dairy Industry
Session Introduction
Amado Maglinao
Texas A&M University, USA
Title: Dairy manure gasification for heat and power generation
Biography:
Amado Maglinao has completed his PhD in Biological and Agricultural Engineering on 2013 from Texas A&M University. He is currently an Associate Research Scientist in Texas A&M Univeristy continuing work with renewable energy with expertise on thermal conversion.
Abstract:
Gasification technologies are envisioned to play a key role in the future of dairy farm waste management. Conversion of a dairy farm solid wastes to a gaseous fuel significantly increases its value. With most dairy farms in the United States utilize sand as bed material, solid wastes processing were necessary for thermal conversion. Processing were able to increase the energy content of the solid wastes up to 10 MJ kg-1. Dairy manure gasification for power generation was conducted in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasifier developed at Texas A&M Univeristy. The gasification system is equipped with control system for steady operation. Synthesis gas were produced with energy content up to 4 MJ Nm-3. The synthesis gas can be utilized for heat and electrical energy requirement for dairy farm operations. Modified engine-generator set were operated using synthesis gas from dairy manure gasification as fuel. Engine NOx and SOx emissions were reduced using synthesis gas as fuel compared to gasoline.
Biography:
I am an agro food engineer and I start the 3-years of my thesis. The thesis is supported by CNIEL (The French Dairy Industry Inter-Professional Organization.) and is integrated within a wider program about the storage of milk powder (involving several thesis and post doctorate). The objective of my thesis is to understand and quantify the evolution of function and structure of Native Phospho Casein powder during ageing and linking with initial state. A part of my thesis purpose to quantify evolutions of different functional properties of NPC. I have presented my results at IDF world Dairy summit in 2015 and I won the second best poster award.
Abstract:
Background: Spray dryed powders containing some caseins are commonly produced in dairy industry. It is widely admitted that the structure of casein evolves during powder storage, inducing a loss of solubility. However few studies evaluate accurately the destabilization mechanisms at molecular and mesoscopic level, in particular for Native Phospho Casein powder (NPC). Consequently, at the state of the art, it is very difficult to assess which secondary structure change or crosslinks initiate insolubility during storage. To address this issue, controlled ageing conditions have been applied to a NPC powder (which was obtained by spray drying a concentrate containing a higher content of casein (90%), whey protein (8%) and lactose (few %)). Evolution of structure and loss of solubility, with the effects of temperature and time of storage were systematically reported. Methods: FTIR spectroscopy, Raman and Circular Dichroism were used to monitor changes of secondary structure in dry powder and in solution after rehydration. Besides, proteomic tools and electrophoresis have been performed after varying storage conditions for evaluating aggregation and post translational modifications, like lactosylation or phosphorylation. Finally, Tof Sims and MEB were used to follow in parallel evolution of structure in surface and skin formation due to storage. Results + conclusion: These results highlight the important role of storage temperature in the stability of NPC. It is shown that the rise of post translational modifications, disulphide bridges and physical cross link seems contribute to the destabilisation of structure and aggregation of casein. A relative quantification of each kind of cross link, source of aggregates, is proposed. In addition, it has been proved that migration of lipids and formation of skin in surface during the ageing also explains the evolution of structure casein and thus the alterations of functional properties of NPC powder.
Biography:
Guillaume DUTEURTRE has completed his PhD from Montpellier University in livestock economics. For 20 years, he has been working in Africa and Asia for CIRAD, the French Research Center for Agricultural Research. His work focuses on understanding the structural transformation of dairy industry and identifying sustainable policy options. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of Journal of Livestock Science.
Abstract:
In West-Africa and in South-East Asia, many international corporations are increasingly investing in dairy processing units. Those businesses support the development of milk powder imports, resulting in direct competition with local milk producers. But they also contribute to the local development of the dairy industry as a whole. In that context, multi-national dairy corporations are increasingly questioned on the impact of their businesses on sustainable development of local dairy industry. Our objective is to discuss whether those new investments support inclusive business likely to promote the participation of smallholder farms in the value chain. In particular, we want to assess factors that might improve the social sustainability of those new inclusive investments. Our proposition is based on 2 complementary field studies. The first one is in Senegal, one of the largest milk importers in West Africa, where we studied the investments of 2 major European milk corporations. The second case-study is located in Indonesia, where another major dairy corporation launched two dairy development projects to support local farm communities. Our results show that there are 2 main inclusive business models in those countries. The first one relies on large-scale industries that develop their sourcing from local milk for specific processing lines (cheese, white cheese, butter..) The second one relies on industries supported by corporate social responsibility projects to support their local sourcing. We conclude on the opportunities offered by the new investments of private corporations to promote smallholder inclusion.
- Dairy Farming Technologies
Session Introduction
Jactone Arogo Ogejo
Virginia Tech, USA
Title: Enhanced chemical phosphorus recovery from scraped dairy manure
Biography:
Dr. Ogejo is an associate professor of Biological Systems Engineering with an interest in management of agricultural residues and wastes. His research focuses on the management and use of byproducts from production agriculture and food processing industries with a goal to minimize their environmental pollution potential. His work includes: (i) energy recovery from bioresidues; (ii) nutrient recovery; (iii) developing mitigation strategies to minimize emissions from animal feeding operations; (iv) develop education programs on manure best management practices to improve handling, safety, use, and environmental stewardship, and (v) associated educational materials to accelerate adoption manure management technologies.
Abstract:
Manure management is a challenge in animal feeding operations, particularly, in sensitive ecosystems like the Chesapeake Bay watershed, where these operations have been associated with water and air pollution and are facing extra scrutiny by state and federal regulation agencies. Our work is focused on phosphorus (P) recovery and uses the “designer manures†concept to generate manure products with balanced nitrogen and P content to meet specific fertilizer requirements of different crops. We have developed and successfully implemented chemical based P recovery processes at field scale (treating large batch volumes >500,000 gal) for liquid dairy manure and also, conducted lab scale tests to develop a process suitable for dairies that scrape manure from barn floors. Our lab studies, the focus of this presentation, have shown how to effectively use process liquid to dilute manure before dosing with chemicals to minimize the effect of the organics in the manure and improve the efficiency of P recovery and chemical use. Results using aluminum (chloride and sulfate) salts showed that dosing 600 mg Al/L generated process liquid (supernatant) with low total P (i.e. recover over 95% of the total P in the sludge). The quality of the recovered process liquid for diluting the manure (4% total solids) to recover P, was not compromised, despite multiple recycling. We have used these results to scale up the process at pilot scale and is currently being deployed on a farm.
Oluyinka Abejide
University of Edinburgh, UK
Title: Joint genetic analysis of the performance of dairy cows in sub-Saharan Africa
Biography:
Oluyinka is in her 3rd year of her PhD at the University of Edinburgh, She is 30 years old. She has an undergraduate degree in veterinary medicine from Nigeria and a masters in animal bioscience from the UK. Her research is on across-country dairy breeding strategies in sub-Saharan Africa. She has interest in livestock breeding and genetics and also has the ambition to improve dairy production and farming systems in Africa and in world at large. she has published more than 5 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
The study was carried to evaluate if a joint across-country analysis may provide robust and accurate genetic parameters in cases where common sires have been used and hence, improve genetic progress. Data on Jersey cattle were obtained from the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kenya and from the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), South Africa. There were 31 sires from several foreign countries and 1 sire having daughters in both countries. Bivariate mixed linear model was fitted using ASReml. Country of performance was included in the model to account for the production system. Genetic parameters for individual (Kenya and South Africa) and joint evaluations (followed by standard errors) were estimated; Heritability (h2) of 305-day milk yield (MY) increased from 0.13 to 0.21 in individual and joint evaluations. h2 of age at first calving (AFC) increased from 0.15(0.05) to 0.58(0.05), h2 of calving interval (CI) ranged from 0.04(0.01) to 0.05(0.01), and repeatability of 305-day MY under the repeatability model increased from 0.13(0.10) to 0.43(0.01), Genetic correlation (rg) of 305-day MY and AFC was favorable from -0.53(0.24) to -0.15(0.09). However, CI and AFC for Kenya were non-estimable due to low number of records. Joint genetic evaluation increased the value of genetic parameter estimates as reflected in low standard errors than individual evaluation. This provides the potential for robust genetic parameter estimates and increased accuracy of selection especially where there are insufficient data from individual countries.
Long Chen
The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Title: Reducing Toxic Gas Releases from Dairy Manure for Improved Safety
Biography:
Long achieved his bachelor degree from Beijing Forestry University in China and completed his master studies from Penn State University on agricultural and biological engineering. He is the currently enrolled in the PhD program of agricultural and biological enigneering at Penn State. His research focus on air quality of agriculture and animal welfare.
Abstract:
Toxic levels of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas released from dairy manure storages have imposed risks to animal and human health. Gypsum (calcium sulfate) is a valued bedding material for cattle but has contributed to the excessive H2S emissions. This study aims to assess the effect of iron oxide as a promising additive to dairy manure storages on mitigating H2S releases. Four treatments with decreasing dosages of iron oxide will be applied to gypsum-laden dairy manure. The effectiveness of iron oxide in reducing H2S emissions will be quantified using a highly accurate gas analyzer so that an economically effective dosage of iron oxide will be identified from this study. This research will also deliver an improved understanding of mechanisms of manure gas emissions. Critical evidence from this study will guide industry, government agency and farm manager actions in reducing toxic gaseous pollutants to improve human health and animal welfare surrounding manure storages.
Vanja Djukic
University of Guelph, Canada
Title: The effect of in vitro rumen digestion on polyphenol content and free radical scavenging activity of apple pomace
Biography:
Vanja completed her Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Animal Biology with distinction at the University of Guelph in January 2014. She is currently furthering her knowledge in the field of animal nutrition by pursuing a Master’s degree by thesis under the supervision of Dr. Vern Osborne at the University of Guelph.
Abstract:
This project is part of a larger task pursuing the development of naturally produced, health-contributing, polyphenol-enriched milk products that are derived from byproduct plant matter from agricultural sources. Apple pomace (AP), an abundant agricultural by product in Canada has a high polyophenol content (1000-1415g gallic acid equivalent/100g dry weight). 17,36 The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of in vitro rumen digestion on the total polyphenol content and free radical scavenging activity of AP. AP will be collected fresh and kept at -20°C until analysis. Rumen inoculum will be collected from a mature lactating cow and in vitro digestion will be performed for 24 and 48hr of digestion in an ANKOM RF Gas Production System as per manufacturer’s instructions.3 After digestion, the samples will be centrifuged at 26 940g and filtered through 0.2um polyethersulfone filters to remove bacterial cells.10 All samples (treated and untreated) will be freeze dried and ground, after which polyphenols will be extracted by solvent extraction (80% methanol at 21°C for 1hr).33 Fast Blue BB assay for total polyphenol quantification and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay will be performed on all samples in triplicate with 3 technical replicates to assess the extent of polyphenol degradation in the rumen33. The fraction of polyphenols remaining after in vitro digestion will be roughly representative of the amount available for absorption into the cow’s bloodstream and subsequently the mammary gland.
- Track 4: Dairy Animals
Track 5: Milk Production & Processing
Track 7: Dairy Products
Track 10: Sustainability of Dairy Industry
Session Introduction
Yi Yang
Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine
China
Title: Bovine leukemia virus in Chinese dairy and beef cattle
Time : 11:30 - 12:00
Biography:
Y Yang is a PhD student from College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and now he is a visiting scholar in College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University. He has published 5 papers studying on cattle in reputed journals, such as Journal of Dairy Science.
Abstract:
In this study, we investigated the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in dairy and beef cattle at individual-level in 19 provinces of China, and the influence of BLV infections on complete blood counts, biochemical parameters and milk composition in cows. A fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) quantitative PCR was established in this study to detect BLV proviral DNA and compared with a commercial CELISA against gp51. Our data showed that 49.1% of dairy cattle (964/1,963) from 6 provinces and 1.6% of beef cattle (22/1,390) from 15 provinces were BLV positive. In a detailed study of 105 cows (26 BLV-uninfected cows and 79 BLV-infected cows) in a dairy farm in Jiangsu province, 18 complete blood count parameters, 13 biochemical parameters and 5 parameters of milk composition were tested. Comparing BLV-infected and BLV-uninfected cows, all the biochemical parameters we studied in 105 cows did not differ significantly, while 9 of the 18 complete blood count parameters were significantly different. The BLV-infected cows had significantly higher levels in 6 parameters (white blood cell count, lymphocyte number, lymphocyte percentage, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell distribution width) and significantly lower levels in 3 parameters (monocyte percent, granulocyte percent, and platelet count). The lactose level in milk in BLV-infected cows was significantly lower than that in BLV-uninfected cows. Taken together, our results indicate that BLV infections are widespread in the dairy farms of China, and BLV-infection may affect blood count and lactose metabolism of cows
Liwen He
China Agricultural University
China
Title: Effects of sulfur on the nutrition value of DDGS for beef cattle
Time : 12:00 - 12:30
Biography:
Liwen He is a PhD candidate of China Agricultural University, majoring in Animal Nutrition and Feed Science and specifying in Ruminant Nutrition. He has published 4 SCI papers and research subject is about efficient use of crop straw in livestock.
Abstract:
To investigate the effects of sulfur on the nutrition value of DDGS for beef cattle, in vitro cultivation was conducted for 72 h with the rumen fluid collected from steers, setting different sulfur levels (0.346%, 0.692% and 1.038%) and various sulfur sources (Na2SO4, Na2SO3, Na2S2O3 and Na2S), monitoring the fermentation parameters (dry matter digestibility, gas production and its rate) and model predicted indicators (organic matter digestibility, metabolizable energy, net energy, microbial protein, partitioning factor and gas yield). The results showed that, high sulfur level (0.692% and 1.038%) only decreased (P<0.05) asymptotic gas production (b), while different sulfur sources resulted in various parameters, more specifically, sulfur from Na2SO4 and Na2S produced more gas (P<0.05) with faster rate (P<0.01) of gas production than those of Na2SO3 and Na2S2O3, while Na2SO3 had the highest b and inverse for Na2SO4 (P<0.01), which tended (P=0.09) to produced lower total volatile fatty acids than the others; sulfur from Na2SO4 and Na2S also had a lower (P<0.01) DMD in 24 h, MCP, PF24 and a higher (P<0.01) OMD, ME, NEm, NEg, GY24 than those of Na2SO3 and Na2S2O3. These results suggest that DDGS with different sulfur content ranging from 0.346% to 1.038% have a similar feed value and dietary sulfur source exerts a great effect on its nutrition value for beef cattle.
Nwoha Rosemary I O
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture
Nigeria
Title: Dairy products
Time : 12:30 - 13:00
Biography:
Nwoha Rosemary I O is a lecturer in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Nigeria
Abstract:
Dairy products are products derived from milk for various purposes. Dairy products ranges from edibles such as creams, milk powders, alcohol, skimmed milk, casein, whey, butter, cheese, lactose, chocolate milk, milk drinks and various traditionally produced dairy products. Non edible derivative include fabrics and plastic products. Several newer dairy products are yet to be harnessed from milk. This would create frontier for production of newer dairy products. Livestock keeping for dairy and other purposes has been since ancient times. The pastoral livestock keeping for multipurpose reasons including milk production was solely for domestic use. This period was marked with production of mostly organic dairy products with great health benefits but with extremely low shelf life. The emergence of civilization and development brought organized dairy keeping with specialized dairy breeds solely for milk production. This ushered in commercial dairy production which enhanced income generation of farmers and contributes to growth of economy of most countries. Most commercial dairy products are bedeviled with harmful substances as preservatives. The use of preservatives such as sodium tripolyphosphate in dairy products although are safe for consumption poses long time harmful effects to humans. Dairy industry should as a matter of necessity abolish the use of such substances and source for safer methods of extending the shelf life of dairy products. Future prospects in the industry would include provision of Government regulations to oversea the activities of dairy industries and dairy products available in the market.
Sarnarinder Singh Randhawa
Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
India
Title: Efficacy of herbal preparation in reducing oxidative stress during periparturient period in crossbred dairy cows
Time : 14:00 - 15:00
Biography:
Sarnarinder Singh Randhawa has completed his PhD from C S A University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, India. He is the Director of Research of Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, a premier veterinary university of India. He has published more than 230 original research papers in referred international and national journals; visited USA, Canada, Brazil, Italy and France for presentation of research papers in the past and to learn animal health programmes. He is a fellow of five National Academies and Scientific Societies and has a professional experience of more than 34 years in Veterinary Sciences. He is also President of Indian Society for Veterinary Medicine.
Abstract:
Oxidative stress is the result of excess free radical production beyond the capacity of antioxidant defense of the body. Dairy cows during periparturient period experience oxidative stress, which may increase risk of developing various periparturient disorders. Over the past few decades, use of herbal drugs for treatment of various diseases in dairy cattle has gained momentum as they have high safety profile, good efficacy and do not pose drug residue problem. The present study was therefore, planned to evaluate the efficacy of herbal preparation supplementation on oxidative stress parameters during periparturient period. A total of sixteen healthy multiporous crossbred dry cows during their last trimester of pregnancy were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group I was kept as control, while Group II received herbal preparation “Stress Check” (Indian Herbs) @ 15 gram per day/ cow during last fifteen days of expected calving and up to the first fifteen days after calving. Blood samples were collected by jugular venepuncture during far off dry (FOD) period (>10 days following dry off and not < 30 days prior to calving), close up dry (CUD) period (Between 3 and 21 days prior to calving) and early milking period (3 to 30 days in milk) , for the estimation of lipid peroxidation (LPO), super oxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), total proteins, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, glucose, Non esterified fatty acids (NEFA), Beta hydroxyl butyric acid (BHBA), calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, copper, iron and zinc. In comparison to Group I, significant (p<0.05) decrease in erythrocytic LPO along with non significant increase in the SOD and GSH levels were noticed in the Group II during early milking period. Within group, a significant decrease in the LPO levels in the early milking period as compared to the FOD period was evident. Glucose levels in Group II was significantly higher than Group I during the early milking period. The mean BUN and sodium levels were lower than the normal range in Group II, during the early milking period, while mean levels of creatinine, total protein, albumin, NEFA, BHBA, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, copper, iron and zinc remained within the normal range, though values varied considerably. The present study revealed that the herbal preparation, “Stress Check” was effective in reducing oxidative stress in dairy cows during the periparturient period.
Christy E Manyi-Loh
University of Fort Hare
South Africa
Title: Characterization and antibiogram profiles of selected bacterial enteropathogens found in dairy manure: A call for public health concern
Time : 15:00 - 15:30
Biography:
Christy E Manyi-Loh has obtained a PhD degree in Microbiology from the University of Fort Hare in 2012, BSc and MSc in Microbiology from the University of Buea, Cameroon. During this period, she was awarded a senate prize for the best student in Microbiology and best student in research project given by the American Society of Microbiology, respectively. She served as a Post-doctoral fellow, sponsored by Claude Leon Foundation, South Africa for 2years. Recently, she has been awarded the most superseding, prestigious NRF-Green Economy postdoctoral fellowship and she is attached to the Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa. She has published several papers and serves as a reviewer to many reputable journals.
Abstract:
The GIT of ruminant animals harbors diverse microbes; some are pathogenic and antibiotic resistant residing as normal flora and are shed in feces. Apparently, accidental or deliberate release of feces into the environmental can cause deleterious effects. However, animal manure is viewed as a potential source of contamination and infection if not properly managed or treated. Consequently, the microbial load of manure obtained from the Fort Hare Dairy Trust was determined by the viable plate count method and selected zoonotic bacterial pathogens were isolated, identified and characterized based on cultural, morphological and biochemical properties. Confirmed isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity assay by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method while employing a panel of thirteen commercial antibiotics. Isolates were described as sensitive or resistant based on the breakpoints of the diameter of zones of inhibition in accordance with the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. The levels of Escherichia coli, Salmonella/Shigella species and Campylobacter species were 3.0x105, 5.0x104 and 8.1x103, respectively. A total of 92 bacterial pathogens were isolated and comprised of 30 E. coli, 33 Salmonella sp, 16 Campylobacter sp, 4 Shigella sp and 9 Proteus sp. All the isolates belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae were highly sensitive to Ciprofloxacin while 87.5% of the Campylobacter strains were sensitive to Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline. However, the antimicrobial resistance demonstrated ranged from 0-100%. In conclusion, the presence of resistant isolates of these zoonotic pathogens indicates that our sample is a potential reservoir of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment which is an issue of public health importance.
Yasir Ali
Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam
Pakistan
Title: Preparation and evaluation of chhana whey beverages
Time : 16:00 - 16:30
Biography:
Yasir Ali has completed his M.Phil in Animal products technology at the age of 27 years from Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam.
Abstract:
Present study was carried out with the aim to utilize chhana whey in beverages as soft drink and enhance the value addition in dairy products. Chhana whey beverages were prepared at the department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. Buffalo milk was coagulated by direct acidification using citric acid (0.5%) at 70 °C, and coagulum was drained into chhana whey. Under preliminary studies, the chhana whey beverages prepared by addition of two sweetening agents [i.e date extract (8%) and cane sugar (6%)] with and without apple flavour (0.15%) were more acceptable than that of prepared by addition of single sweetening agent [i.e cane sugar (6%)] with orange or apple flavour. In further study a total of three trails were conducted, and in each trial whey beverages were prepared from chhana whey with addition of two sweetening agents [date extract (8%) and cane sugar (6%)] with and without apple flavour and evaluated for physico-chemical and sensory characteristics. The mean acidity (%) of unflavoured chhana whey (group A) beverage (0.50±0.03%) and flavoured chhana whey (group B) beverage (0.51±0.03%) was not significantly different (P>0.05) from one another. Mean pH value of group B beverage (4.16±0.01) was not significantly different (P>0.05) from that of group A beverage (4.16±0.02). The mean specific gravity was found to be similar in group B beverage (1.037±0.001) compared to that of group A beverage (1.036±0.001). The average moisture content was found relatively similar (P>0.05) in group A beverage (87.32±0.14%) to that of group B beverage (87.05±0.16%). The average fat content of group B beverage (0.34±0.03%) was not statistical different from that of in group A beverage (0.37±0.05%). Average protein content was found to be slightly lower in group B beverage (1.55±0.05%) in contrast to that of in group A beverage (1.59±0.08%). The mean total carbohydrate content of group B beverage (9.98±0.2%) and group A beverage (9.57±0.23%) was not significantly different (P>0.05) from one another. Ash content was found slightly lower in group B beverage (1.12±0.02%) compared to that of group A beverage (1.16±0.03%). Chhana whey beverage with apple flavour was better (P<0.05) in odour/aroma (7.90±0.51) and taste/flavour (38.86±1.29) than that of unflavoured beverage.
SNS Randhawa
Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
Punjab
Title: Effect of herbal Vitamin E selenium supplementation on oxidative stress and hemato-biochemical parameters in transition crossbred cows
Time : 16:45 - 17:15
Biography:
Sarnarinder Randhawa has completed his Ph.D at the age of 38 years from C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, India. He is the Director of Research of Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, a premier veterinary university of India. He has published more than 230 original research papers in referred International and National journals; visited U.S.A., Canada, Brazil, Italy and France for presentation of research papers in the past and to learn animal health programmes. He is fellow of five National Academies and Scientific Societies and has a professional experience of more than 34 years in Veterinary Sciences. He is also President of Indian Society for Veterinary Medicine.
Abstract:
Twelve cross bred cows which crossed transition period from close up dry (CUD) to fresh stage uneventfully based on the results of metabolic profile screening and ultrasound were selected for trial of herbal Vitamin E Selenium powder supplied by Indian Herbs. Animals were randomly divided into two groups (control and test) each containing six animals. Controls were not supplemented whereas animals in test group were supplemented with herbal Vitamin E- Sel powder @ 6gm orally for 20 days. Follow up of both groups was done after completion of trial period (≥25 days in milk). Significant decline in lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels after supplementation in test group along with non significant increase in levels of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as compared to fresh stage was observed. On the other hand LPO levels recorded non significant increase as compared to fresh stage in control group along with non significant decline in levels of SOD and GSH. Significant decrease was observed in total leukocyte count (TLC) in test group. There was a non significant improvement in overall biochemical parameters as compared to fresh stage in supplemented test group. Control group recorded significant decline in levels of total plasma proteins (TPP) at >25 DIM. There was a significant rise in milk fat percentage in supplemented test group as compared to unsupplemented control group.
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